What is error budget burn rate?
Burn rate measures how quickly you are consuming your error budget relative to how quickly time is passing. A burn rate of 1.0 means you are consuming your budget at exactly the rate that would exhaust it at the end of the window — perfectly on pace. A burn rate of 2.0 means you are burning budget twice as fast as sustainable.
Google's SRE book recommends alerting at burn rates of 14.4× (for a 1-hour alert) and 6× (for a 6-hour alert) to catch incidents that would exhaust a 30-day budget in 2 hours or 5 hours respectively.
What to do when budget is low
When error budget drops below 10–20%, most SRE teams trigger a reliability review and consider freezing non-essential deployments until the budget recovers. The specific threshold should be defined in your team's SLO policy before it becomes urgent.